Physical Metallurgy of Nickel‐Based Alloys

This chapter describes the physical metallurgy of Ni-based alloys used for corrosion resistance. The roles of various alloying elements are presented briefly. The chapter initially discusses phase diagrams of binary and ternary Ni alloys. Multi-principal element and high entropy alloys are presented briefly. The formation of intermetallic compounds is discussed next, with a focus on electronic theories to predict the boundaries of their transformation. The role of interstitial elements, chiefly carbon and nitrogen, and the formation of carbides and nitrides are discussed. The chapter then presents kinetics of these transformations in terms of time–temperature-transformation diagrams for several corrosion resistant alloys. The role of alloying elements on stacking fault energy and order–disorder transformations is discussed.