Hip and Pelvic Region

This chapter reviews the anatomy, epidemiology, pathophysiology, clinical presentation, diagnostics and treatment for diseases in hip and pelvic region. A developmental disease with varying degrees of hip joint laxity resulting in subluxation/luxation in early life. Dogs have varying degrees of shallowness of the acetabulum, flattening of the femoral head leading to incongruity of the coxofemoral joint and secondary degenerative joint disease. Generally, dogs who undergo a routine total hip replacement free of complications have normal limb use 3 months after surgery. Fractures of the hip/pelvis region mainly occur secondary to high-energy trauma like falls or vehicular trauma. Most commonly occurring to the sacroiliac joint, pelvic bones, acetabulum, and femur. The sacroiliac joint is formed by the wings of the ilium and the sacrum by soft tissue structures. A thin joint capsule runs between the sacral iliac ligaments. Iliopsoas tendinopathy is an acute or chronic muscle injury to the iliopsoas.