Security‐Climate Change‐Resource Nexus

There is a close relationship between the hydrological cycle and the climate system. Any change in climate affects the elements of hydrology. Runoff, river discharge, groundwater, flood intensity, and drought are all affected by precipitation and temperature, which are the most important climatic elements. Considering the increase in CO 2 levels and the subsequent occurrence of global warming and its impact on national and regional water resources, it seems necessary to consider the impact of climate change on water resource planning. The hydrological system is an inseparable component of the Earth's geophysical system that both affects and is affected by climatic conditions. The consequences of these changes will even affect human food resources and could cause an increase in diseases in the not-so-distant future. Therefore, identifying, revealing, and distinguishing each of these changes will help us find the causes and then make appropriate decisions to deal with their undesirable effects. Food security and food safety are fundamental to the development and well-being of societies and, in many cases, are considered to be the guarantee of the survival and independence of countries and governments. On this basis, various governments and administrations consider the issue of food security to be one of their most important tasks. Climate change and its diversity are among the factors that can affect the nature and occurrence of food security risks. In addition to the aforementioned factors being affected by food security risks due to climate change, the health and hygiene of individuals in societies will not be exempt from this. Because the risks arising from climate change can affect different stages of the food chain, from primary production to consumption. So, climate change can have direct and indirect effects on them. Climatological elements and factors, as well as climate change, affect food security in various ways. This effect may manifest itself through temperature changes, changes in precipitation patterns, warming and acidification of the oceans, or even changes in wind patterns that can change the transport route of pollutants. Increasing temperatures and changes in precipitation patterns have a direct effect on the activities of bacteria, viruses, parasites, fungi, etc., which will inject their own diseases into society. Thus, studying the effects of climate change on natural resource security can significantly contribute to integrated resource management in the coming years.