Blockchain Technology for Traceability and Security in Agri‐Food Supply Chains

The growing complexity and global nature of agri-food supply chains have created serious concerns about food safety, traceability, and transparency. Blockchain technology provides a decentralized, tamperproof, and transparent platform that greatly enhances traceability and trust among the value chain stakeholders. A number of recent studies have examined blockchain use in the agri-food industry, with its potential to simplify operations, minimize fraud, and guarantee food provenance. initiated a Chinese supply chain system combining RFID and blockchain, while showed an empirical blockchain-based traceability model. Subsequent reviews and case studies aggregate these developments and enumerate existing limitations, e.g., scalability, interoperability, and regulatory compliance. The research also shows that the use of blockchain can promote sustainable practices and ensure food safety. Although with promising results, the large-scale implementation is hindered by technological, organizational, and economic factors. This synthesis of research strives to bring together current knowledge and present an underlying understanding of how blockchain improves agri-food traceability and sustainability, highlighting gaps and the direction forward for wider use.