Eco‐Friendly Nanomaterial

Nowadays, heavy metal pollution is the main environmental threat. Heavy metals are persistent and recalcitrant in the environment, and handling them is very important. Many techniques for the removal of heavy metals from wastewater have been thoroughly researched in the past few years. Among the methods that are being used to evaluate and treat wastewater that contains heavy metals are ion exchange, adsorption, membrane filtration, coagulation, flocculation, flotation, and chemical precipitation. Nanotechnology has been important in the cleanup of contaminated water through the development of nano-adsorbents. The water sector has seen a sharp increase in demand for nano-adsorbents in recent years. Comparing nanotechnology to other techniques yields several benefits. Cost and volumetric efficiency are higher for nanomaterials, and several processes operate more effectively and quickly at the nanoscale. Even though nanoparticles have previously shown their worth in the field of water technology, some problems with their stability, toxicity, and recovery have given rise to solutions. Adsorbents are regenerated using a variety of methods, including thermal desorption, chemical desorption, microwave-assisted adsorbent regeneration, and bio regeneration. The following chapter briefly describes conventional methods as well as the use of nanomaterials with their regeneration methods for heavy metal removal from wastewater.