The Role of Peptide Hormones in Plant Immunity

Peptide hormones play a critical role in the intricate signaling networks that regulate plant immunity and responses to various stresses. This chapter examines their pivotal contributions to plant defense mechanisms, highlighting key processes such as pattern-triggered immunity (PTI) and effector-triggered immunity (ETI). Additionally, it explores the signaling pathways of essential hormones, including salicylic acid (SA), jasmonic acid (JA), ethylene (ET), and systemin. The chapter delves into the dynamic interactions between peptide hormones and immune responses, focusing on cross-talk mechanisms that strengthen plant defense strategies. A particular emphasis is placed on the role of antimicrobial peptides in providing resistance against pathogens. Their direct involvement in pathogen inhibition is discussed alongside their broader contributions to abiotic stress tolerance. Emerging candidates in peptide hormone research are also highlighted, shedding light on their potential in advancing plant immune studies. This comprehensive overview emphasizes the multifaceted functions of peptide hormones in enhancing plant resilience and offers insights into their role in sustainable crop protection under varying environmental conditions.