Federated Learning and Collaborative AI Models in Neuroscience Research

Current research is transforming the field of neuroscience with the approach of federation learning (FL) and collaborative artificial intelligence (AI), addressing the following issues: data privacy, heterogeneity and scalability. In this chapter, the authors investigate the way FL and collaborative AI are incorporated in neuroscience studies. They present recent developments in methodology, practice, issues and their perspectives. One of the most promising areas of FL use is neuroimaging since it entails large volumes of sensitive patient images and different scan protocols across different institutions. FL, collaborative AI and neuroscience might be integrated in the future to transform the understanding of the brain and offer a better clinical care process. When constructed in a responsible way, the decentralized structures will make it possible to promote fair, scaling and moral innovations that will eventually make the diagnostics, therapy and management of neurological diseases more effective.