Innovative Approaches to Nanomaterial Synthesis via Artificial Intelligence ( AI ) and Internet‐of‐Things ( IoT ) Integration

Nanomaterials are increasingly significant across various industrial applications, ranging from electronics to biomedical engineering. Generally, nanomaterials are synthesized via physical (e.g., mechanical), chemical, or biological approaches. Physical and chemical methods can produce stable nanoparticles in aqueous media; however, they often involve hazardous chemicals that can be toxic to living organisms. In contrast, biological approaches tend to yield less or nontoxic nanomaterials, although these often exhibit lower stability in aqueous media. Hybrid approaches have been established to address these limitations, merging biological synthesis methods with physicochemical techniques to produce stable and less toxic nanomaterials. However, optimizing these hybrid methods often requires numerous trials and the optimization process to achieve nanomaterials with the desired morphology, surface stability, and low toxicity. This process demands high volumes of chemicals and resources. Of late, artificial intelligence (AI) and the Internet of Things (IoT) have been integrated into nanomaterial synthesis strategies to enhance these processes through computational approaches. AI has shown great promise in the rational design of functional nanomaterials. AI can predict optimal synthesis parameters by utilizing algorithms of machine learning and data analytics for reducing the requirement for general trial-and-error investigations. This chapter summarizes the myriad methodological syntheses of nanomaterials that concentrate on recent developments that integrate AI and IoT. The future of computer tactics is also being discussed to promote the use of nanomaterials in the biomedical field, particularly in bioelectronics. The fusion of AI in nanomaterial design and synthesis embodies critical developments and provides effective, sustainable, and environmentally friendly solutions for nanomaterial applications.