Design and Properties Evaluation of Carbon‐based Nanophotocatalysts

Carbon scaffold-based photocatalysis has garnered a lot of attention lately as a potential solution to today's energy and environmental issues. The remarkable physicochemical and electrochemical characteristics of this technology have led to its growing popularity. The high electrical conductivity of carbon and its capacity to absorb photogenerated electrons from the photocatalyst surface make the usage of a range of carbon materials as substrates for photocatalysts. Carbon can also change photocatalytic activity in the visible spectrum. Furthermore, carbon materials offer significant advantages such as the ability to absorb CO 2 , resulting in enhanced photocatalytic reactions. Over time, conducting polymers, graphene, graphitic carbon nitride, and carbon nanotubes have all been used as better carbon supports. Although, the photo-conversion efficiency is too low for practical employment because of the rapid pace at which photo-generated charge carriers recombine and other defects in pristine carbon. Numerous studies have focused on developing novel photocatalytic materials for these processes. In addition, this chapter outlines current developments in the creation of semiconductor-based nanocomposite photocatalysts that reduce CO 2 and produce H 2 . Properly designed nanocomposites can improve charge separation and reduce recombination, leading to increased photocatalytic activity. This chapter highlights many changes made by scientists to carbon-based photocatalysts to improve their photocatalytic efficiency. Lastly, several likely restrictions have been mentioned along with the difficulties and opportunities for more research on this domain.