Chemical Storage of Energy

Chemicals may be used to store energy, specifically for long-term storage and if the energy must be transported over long distances. Green hydrogen is seen as one of the major candidates, and its production using electrolysis is discussed, as well that of its competitor on an industrial scale, grey hydrogen (although the competition will need to consider the different carbon footprint of these products). Large-scale transport and storage of hydrogen may become expensive, thus necessitating its conversion to high energy density carriers, such as ammonia, liquid organic hydrogen carriers, methanol and hydrocarbons. These chemicals are not only useful as an energy vector, but also as a reaction intermediate to form higher value products or as a product themselves. Hence, greening their production utilising green hydrogen is a necessity, not only for the energy production/storage/transport, but also for the chemical industry.