Structures of Iron (Fe, Co, and Ni)‐Group Metal Compound Nanomaterials

In recent years, dimensionality has become a key focus in condensed matter physics and materials science. While traditional three-dimensional (3D) materials continue to evolve, low-dimensional (LD) materials have also advanced rapidly. Generally, LD materials are categorized into three types: two-dimensional (2D), one-dimensional (1D), and zero-dimensional (0D). In particular, the controlled synthesis and innovative design of iron-group metal nanocatalysts have greatly propelled research in catalytic materials, showing considerable potential for future industrial applications. 1D nanotubes are a class of nanomaterials with promising applications, offering numerous advantages due to their unique structural characteristics. Nanorods share similarities with nanowires but are characterized by dimensions that do not exceed 100nm in all spatial directions. Nanobelts are long, thin, ribbon-like structures with rectangular cross-sections. 3D nanostructures are composite materials formed by integrating one or more fundamental structural units from 0D, 1D, and 2D nanomaterials.