Bioinspired Adaptive Enhanced Sensing in Photovoltaic/Photomultiplication Dual‐Mode Photodetectors and Imaging Array

ABSTRACT Advanced photodetectors capable of dynamically adapting to spectral variations are vital for autonomous sensing, environmental monitoring, and medical diagnostics. Here, we report a bioinspired dual‐mode photodetector that achieves defect‐mediated adaptive sensing by integrating n‐type CdSe and p‐type (Bi,Sb) 2 Se 3 layers. Controlled selenium vacancies (V Se ) in the CdSe layer enable reversible switching between photovoltaic (PV) and photomultiplication (PM) modes, emulating the adaptive response of biological vision systems. Operating at 0 V and under low reverse bias, the device functions in PV mode to suppress visible light while selectively detecting short‐wave infrared (SWIR) radiation. Under forward bias, PM behavior emerges, dramatically enhancing responsivity to visible light and enabling efficient weak‐light detection. The photodetector exhibits broadband spectral tunability, achieving an external quantum efficiency (EQE) of 4608% at 1 V for 530 nm (@3.52 mW cm −2 ) illumination, surpassing conventional counterparts. A 64 × 64 imaging array further demonstrates real‐time adaptive spectral imaging. This work establishes a design paradigm for multi‐mode photodetectors with intrinsic spectral adaptability, paving the way toward next‐generation vision sensors that unify environmental adaptability with high‐performance, all‐condition detection.