Tissue‐Adhesive Fabric‐Based Bioelectronics for Wearable and Implantable Applications

ABSTRACT Electronic textiles have moved beyond their conventional roles of thermal regulation and aesthetic functionality, emerging as promising platforms for next‐generation healthcare devices. However, the translation of fabric‐based systems into implantable applications remains challenging due to their relatively high stiffness. Current implementations have largely been limited to the use of individual electronic fibers. Here, we report optimal device fabrication strategy for an i mplantable and wearable bioelectronic textile (termed “iTextile”) with monolithically integrated, underwater self‐healing polymer (SHP)‐based substrate and encapsulation layers, screen‐printed stretchable composite electrodes, stretchable silk fabric, and a tissue‐adhesive hydrogel (phenylboronic‐acid‐conjugated alginate hydrogel, “AlBA”). The iTextile can reduce the modulus mismatch associated with conventional stiff fabrics by incorporating SHP layers with thermoplastic and dynamic stress relaxation properties. This structural design preserves the intrinsic elasticity of the fabric while leveraging the viscoelastic characteristics of the SHP. In addition, a conductive composite ink for biocompatible electrode was developed by incorporating Pt nanoshell‐coated Ag flakes into the SHP matrix. This formulation enables direct screen printing onto the SHP‐silk substrate. For stable contact, an AlBA hydrogel renders the iTextile tissue‐adhesive. Consequently, the iTextile can function as a conventional wearable and, for the first time, implantable device for both peripheral nerves and the brain.