Near‐Infrared‐Driven Photocatalysis of Lotus‐Derived Porous Microcomposites for Synergistic Antibacterial and Cancer Therapy

ABSTRACT Single‐modal therapies for bacterial infections and tumors suffer from critical bottlenecks, including insufficient reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, glutathione (GSH)‐mediated ROS scavenging, poor targeting, and non‐responsive drug release. Herein, a novel biomass‐based multifunctional microcomposite (Pt/TiO 2 ‐D@Lotus) was constructed using natural lotus pollen‐derived porous microparticles as the biocompatible matrix, modified with Pt/TiO 2 Janus Schottky heterojunction, and loaded with doxorubicin (DOX). Under near‐infrared (NIR) irradiation, the heterojunction efficiently separates photoexcited charges to boost ROS (•O 2 − , •OH, 1 O 2 ) production and depletes 70% of intracellular GSH (500 µg mL −1 ) to amplify oxidative stress. The microcomposite shows a high photothermal conversion efficiency of 55.4% and pH/NIR dual‐responsive DOX release (90% release at pH 5.0 + NIR). In vitro experiments demonstrate >99% antibacterial efficiency against S. aureus and E. coli, and ∼85% cancer cell apoptosis rate. In vivo antitumor therapy achieves a 92% tumor inhibition rate with negligible systemic toxicity and good biocompatibility. This work innovatively constructs a biomass‐derived synergistic therapeutic platform, providing a feasible strategy to overcome the core limitations of traditional antibacterial and tumor therapies, and expanding the application of biomass materials in biomedicine.