Fluorescent Nanodiamonds for Lateral Flow Assays Enhanced by Magnetic Modulation: From Synthesis to Application

This comprehensive review explores the integration of fluorescent nanodiamonds (FNDs) into lateral flow assays (LFAs) for advanced point‐of‐care testing, highlighting their potential to revolutionize rapid diagnostics. FNDs, with their unique quantum properties, offer superior photostability, biocompatibility, and spin‐dependent fluorescence compared to conventional fluorescent labels. The review traces FND development from synthesis methods to applications, emphasizing how magnetic modulation enhances their performance in LFAs. Key topics include optimizing FND synthesis, post‐treatment processes, and surface functionalization for improved sensitivity and specificity. The integration of advanced detection systems, such as lock‐in amplifiers and magnetic field generators, is discussed as a means to further enhance assay capabilities. Case studies demonstrating FND‐based LFAs for detecting pathogens, such as SARS‐CoV‐2 variants, dengue virus serotypes, and Mycobacterium tuberculosis , illustrate the versatility of this technology and its impact on global health challenges. Subsequently, the review addresses remaining challenges in translating this technology into widely accessible devices. It concludes by outlining future research directions, including simplifying assay design, developing cost‐effective synthesis methods, and creating user‐friendly portable detection systems, highlighting the transformative role of FNDs in enabling ultrasensitive, background‐free rapid diagnostics for next‐generation point‐of‐care testing.