One‐Dimensional Covalent Organic Framework: Synthesis and Photoelectronic Applications

One‐dimensional covalent organic frameworks (1D COFs) are linear porous materials constructed from organic units linked by covalent bonds, exhibiting periodic arrangement in one dimension, while the other two dimensions are aggregated through noncovalent interaction (such as van der Waals force, π–π interactions, and hydrogen bonds, etc.). Due to their unique one‐dimensional linear structure, 1D COFs possess lower base site density and more edge sites. Additionally, the interchain interaction forces in 1D COFs are comparatively weak, making them easier to peel and disperse. These excellent properties enable them to demonstrate great potential applications in catalysis, sensing, energy storage, and other fields. This review systematically summarizes the functional monomer structures, synthetic strategies, and the related applications of 1D COFs. Meanwhile, the current challenges and future development directions of 1D‐COFs were also summarized and prospected.