Electrochemical Three‐Component Synthesis of Esters: A Recent Review

ABSTRACT Esters are a class of important organic compounds. This review will focus on how electrochemistry enables three‐component reactions for ester synthesis (2021–2025), along with the associated strategies and mechanisms. Electrosynthesis offers a green alternative to conventional methods, while multicomponent reactions (MCRs) facilitate convergent assembly. Recent advances have been summarized via two categories by carbonyl sources: (1) non‐ester precursors (CO 2 , acids, isatins, and 1,3‐diketones) (2) simple small molecules that already contain an ester group. Radical reactions, electrophilic addition, nucleophilic addition, rearrangement reactions, 1,3‐dipolar cycloaddition, transition metal‐catalyzed coupling, and photoelectrochemical reactions are all covered. The discussion provides mechanistic insights and a strategic framework for sustainable ester synthesis.