Direct δ‐Lactone Synthesis From Free Alcohols via Photoinduced δ‐C(sp 3 )–H Carbonylation in Flow
Abstract
)─H carbonylative lactonization of free alcohols using carbon monoxide. The transformation proceeds via photochemical generation of alkoxyl radicals, selective 1,5-hydrogen atom transfer, CO trapping to form δ-acyl radicals, and a crucial radical-polar crossover event that enables intramolecular cyclization to δ-lactones. The use of a strongly oxidizing acridinium photocatalyst is essential to promote acyl radical oxidation, distinguishing this manifold from conventional proton-coupled electron transfer (PCET) or ligand-to-metal charge transfer (LMCT) pathways. Continuous-flow conditions facilitate efficient gas-liquid mass transfer and safe handling of CO, enabling short reaction times and scalability. The method tolerates diverse functional groups and provides direct access to structurally complex and bioactive δ-lactone motifs from simple alcohol feedstocks.
Fields of Study & Subjects
Radical Photochemical Reactions
Innovative Microfluidic and Catalytic Techniques Innovation
Catalytic C–H Functionalization Methods
Publication details
- Journal / source
- Angewandte Chemie International Edition
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Volume
- 65
- Issue
- 29
- Pages
- e5570038–e5570038
- Publication date
- 29 May 2026
- Language
- EN