Green Formulation, Chemical Characterization, Antioxidant, Cytotoxicity, and Anti‐Endometrial Cancer Properties of Lobelia chinensis Green‐Formulated Iron Nanoparticles by Investigating the P53 and STAT3 Signaling Pathways

ABSTRACT In this study, we used Lobelia chinensis leaves to describe biogenically supported iron nanoparticles. The leaf of Lobelia chinensis was utilized as an excellent stabilizer for the iron nanoparticles that were synthesized. The as‐synthesized Fe NPs@ Lobelia chinensis were physicochemically characterized using FE‐SEM, FT‐IR, XRD, EDX, and UV–Vis. The DPPH technique was used to assess the antioxidant efficacy of nanoparticles. Based on the IC 50 value, the antioxidant activity of the Fe NPs@ Lobelia chinensis was significant. Because of their antioxidant qualities, recent nanoparticles seem to have an antihuman endometrial carcinoma potential. Fe NPs@ Lobelia chinensis that was biologically produced was evaluated for their anti‐endometrial cancer properties against endometrial cancer cells. By using the MTT assay, the anti‐endometrial cancer characteristics of the Fe NPs@ Lobelia chinensis could effectively eliminate HEC‐1‐B cancer cells. In contrast to their corresponding control, Fe NPs@ Lobelia chinensis prevented colony formation. Crucially, the molecular pathway analysis of cells exposed to Fe NPs@ Lobelia chinensis revealed that the particles increased the expression of p53 while suppressing the production of phosphorylated and total STAT3 in cells. This suggests that STAT3 and p53 are the primary players behind the medical events that the extract triggered in endometrial carcinoma cells.