Functional Design of Plasticized PVC Composites: A Study on Antistatic‐Flame Retardant Properties of Two Antistatic Agent Systems

ABSTRACT This study tested two antistatic systems: a quaternary ammonium salt (QAS)‐nonionic surfactant composite and a QAS polymer‐fatty alcohol ether phosphate blend. These were added in specific ratios to plasticized polyvinyl chloride (PVC) composites containing magnesium hydroxide (Mg(OH) 2 ) flame retardant and polyester plasticizer (PPA), producing composites with both antistatic and flame‐retardant properties, followed by systematic performance tests. Electrical tests showed significantly lower volume and surface resistivity than those of the control, with stable performance over 8 weeks and after water immersion. Combustion tests revealed excellent flame resistance: LOI of 31%–33%, UL‐94 V‐0 rating, and a lower peak heat release rate (PHRR) and reduced total smoke production (TSP) in some samples vs. the control. Thermal analysis found that all composites' glass transition temperature (T g ) was stably around −16.6°C, indicating good low‐temperature performance. Some samples had improved mechanical properties (tensile strength, elongation at break). In conclusion, these plasticized PVC composites met preset targets for antistatic performance, flame retardancy, and mechanical strength, satisfying application needs in electronic manufacturing, medical devices, etc. This provides theoretical and practical guidance for expanding their use.