Exploring the Therapeutic Potential of Tecoma stans Leaf‐Extract Loaded PVA /Gelatin Hydrogels for Enhanced In Vitro Wound Healing

ABSTRACT Plant‐derived medicine has been used for skin regeneration and chronic wound healing due to its multifunctional bioactive compounds. This study reports a dual‐crosslinked polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)/gelatin (P/G) hydrogel system incorporated with Tecoma stans leaf extracts, which is rich in phenolic compounds, inositol derivatives, and other secondary metabolites for wound healing. Here, we have prepared two different alcoholic (methanolic and ethanolic) crude extracts and loaded both (2 mg/mL) separately with different ratios of PVA(P) and gelatin (G) hydrogel. The TSLME and TSLEE‐loaded P/G hydrogel were stabilized by tannic acid and three consecutive freeze–thaw cycles. GC–MS analysis identified key phytoconstituents, including catechol, vanillic acid, hydroquinone, and myo‐inositol, which help in wound healing due to their antioxidant, antimicrobial, and cell proliferation effects. Comprehensive characterization, including FTIR, FESEM, XRD, and viscosity analysis, has confirmed the structural integrity, porosity, and viscoelastic behavior. In vitro antimicrobial activity has shown significant inhibition against both Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus pathogens. Furthermore, in vitro cytocompatibility and scratch assay utilizing fibroblast cell lines revealed enhanced cell viability along with migration and cell proliferation, indicating that the developed hydrogel is a potential candidate for wound healing. This study highlights the synergistic effects of T. Stans phytocompounds integration in hydrogel dressing for chronic wound healing.