Development and Characterization of Poly(Vinyl Alcohol)/Chitosan/Collagen Blends for the Treatment of Burn Wounds

ABSTRACT Burns are complex injuries that require effective and multifunctional therapeutic approaches. Polymeric biomaterials that combine synthetic and natural polymers have emerged as promising wound dressings due to their ability to promote tissue regeneration and enhance the healing process. In this context, this study aimed to develop a crosslinked blend of poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA), chitosan (CS), and collagen (Coll), obtained through the freeze–thawing process, for application in burn wound dressings. FTIR analysis confirmed the presence of intermolecular interactions, mainly hydrogen bonding, between PVA and CS. TGA and DSC analyses indicated that the incorporation of CS resulted in enhanced thermal stability of the film and a reduction in crystallinity compared to pure PVA, respectively. SEM revealed a homogeneous morphology without phase separation, indicating good compatibility among the polymers. Additionally, PVA/CS/Coll films exhibited a higher swelling degree than pure PVA films, indicating an improved fluid absorption capacity. In vivo burn wound assays in an animal model demonstrated that the material promotes re‐epithelialization and tissue healing within 14 days in groups treated with these films. Therefore, these results demonstrate that the PVA/CS/Coll biomaterial combines favorable structural, thermal, and biological properties, highlighting its strong potential as a low‐cost and effective material for advanced burn wound dressings.