A Hybrid MCDM Framework for Prioritizing Performance Outcomes in Industry 5.0‐Enabled Circular Supply Chains

ABSTRACT The growing pressure on manufacturing firms to integrate economic performance with environmental responsibility highlights the importance of Industry 5.0‐enabled circular supply chains (CSCs). This study identifies and prioritizes performance outcomes (POs) derived from adopting critical success factors (CSFs) in Industry 5.0‐enabled CSCs. A hybrid multi‐criteria decision‐making framework is applied in three phases: identification of CSFs and POs through a systematic literature review and expert consultation; determination of CSF weights using the best–worst method (BWM) and level‐based weight assessment (LBWA), and prioritization of POs using the fuzzy technique for order of preference by similarity to ideal solution (F‐TOPSIS). The results show that reducing waste and discarding costs (PO8, CC i = 0.8857) and improving production efficiency, operational, and economic performance (PO10, CC i = 0.8851) rank highest among POs. The study provides practitioners with a structured tool for prioritizing POs and highlights policy needs for regulatory support, technological incentives, and workforce development.