Anti‐Complementary Constituents From Artemisia vestita Alleviate H1N1‐Induced Acute Lung Injury

ABSTRACT Artemisia vestita is a traditional Tibetan folk medicine. Bioactivity‐guided fractionation revealed that the petroleum ether fraction of A. vestita possessed potent anti‐complementary activity (CH 50 : 0.016 ± 0.006 mg/mL), demonstrating therapeutic efficacy against H1N1‐induced viral pneumonia in murine models. Subsequent phytochemical analysis of this bioactive extract using silica gel chromatography coupled with semi‐preparative high‐performance liquid chromatography yielded 14 compounds, including three new monoterpenes ( 1 – 3 ) and one coumarin ( 13 ) with relatively high abundance. Notably, studies on the activity of the isolated compounds revealed that the coumarin (scopoletin) exhibits dominant anti‐complementary activity and provides significant protective effects against H1N1‐induced viral pneumonia in mice. This study provides insights into the development and utilization of A. vestita and scopoletin.