New Prenylated Isoflavonoids From Erythrina addisoniae With Anti‐Neuroinflammatory Activity via Nuclear Factor Kappa‐Light‐Chain‐Enhancer of Activated B Cells Pathway Suppression

ABSTRACT Recent investigations have identified prenylated isoflavonoids as major constituents of Erythrina addisoniae , yet their anti‐neuroinflammatory potential remains unexplored. Through bioassay‐guided isolation, two new prenylated isoflavonoids ( 1 and 2 ), along with nine known compounds ( 3 – 11 ), were characterized using spectroscopic methods. All isolates were tested for inhibitory effects on nitric oxide (NO) production in BV‐2 microglial cells. Compounds 1 , 6 , 7 , and 10 significantly reduced NO levels, with compounds 1 and 10 showing the strongest activity (IC 50 values of 3.57 ± 1.22 and 0.69 ± 0.18 µM, respectively). Western blot analysis confirmed the downregulation of inducible NO synthase protein, and molecular docking analysis revealed that compound 10 interacts with nuclear factor kappa‐light‐chain‐enhancer of activated B cells. These results highlight prenylated isoflavonoids from E. addisoniae as potential anti‐neuroinflammatory agents.