Isolated Esophageal Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis in an Adult: A Case Report

Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) is an inflammatory neoplastic disease characterized by the clonal proliferation of Langerhans cells, with a very low incidence, mostly in children. LCH in adults is extremely rare, with esophageal involvement being particularly uncommon. Its insidious onset and nonspecific manifestations often lead to diagnostic challenges and delayed diagnosis. Endoscopy and endoscopic biopsy in LCH patients with gastrointestinal symptoms are important for diagnosis, monitoring, and treatment. During histopathological diagnosis, special attention should be paid to the differential diagnosis of LCH from common gastrointestinal malignancies. Herein, we report a rare case of isolated esophageal LCH in a 34-year-old adult, who underwent endoscopic resection with no recurrence during follow-up.