Thermal Analysis of Carreau Trihybrid Nanofluid Flow Over a Bidirectional Extending Sheet

ABSTRACT This study examines the thermal dynamics of Carreau trihybrid nanofluid flow on a bidirectional stretchable sheet immersed by variable porous medium, while incorporating the influence of an exponential heat source and Cattaneo–Christov flux. The nanoparticles are dispersed in water to form the trihybrid nanofluid. Through appropriate similarity transformations, the governing equations were converted to dimension‐free form and then evaluated numerically by using bvp4c method in MATLAB. Thermal profiles have escalated with progression in thermophoresis factor, Brownian number, and radiation factor while declining with thermal relaxation factor. The results obtained in this work have aligned with established dataset by confirming a fine agreement among all the results. The outcomes of this work provide novel insights into controlled thermal transport mechanisms, relevant to microelectromechanical systems, polymer manufacturing, and advanced energy conversion technologies.