Recent Advances in Carbonyl–Olefin and Carbonyl–Alkyne Metathesis Reactions

Carbonyl–olefin and carbonyl–alkyne metathesis reactions are powerful strategies for the formation of carbon–carbon bonds, offering access to structurally diverse molecules. Unlike traditional olefin metathesis, these reactions involve a formal exchange reaction between a carbonyl compound and an alkene or alkyne, enabling efficient access to cyclic and acyclic frameworks under milder and more selective conditions. Recent advances in catalyst design, including Lewis acids, Brønsted acids, and organocatalysts have significantly expanded the scope, efficiency, and functional group tolerance of these reactions. This review covers recent developments across both reaction classes, with emphasis on mechanistic understanding, catalyst design, and representative applications in synthesis. Remaining challenges are also discussed alongside emerging opportunities that position carbonyl metathesis as an increasingly indispensable tool in modern synthetic chemistry.