Biomass‐Derived Carbon Integrated With Activated Carbon Cloth as a Binder‐Free Carbon Architecture for Tunable Charge Storage in Asymmetric Supercapacitors

ABSTRACT Carbon architectures have attracted significant attention as binder‐free electrodes for high‐performance supercapacitors because of their excellent electrical conductivity and structural stability. Herein, a hierarchical carbon architecture was constructed by integrating biomass‐derived carbon (BMC) with activated carbon cloth (ACC) to form a self‐supported ACC/BMC electrode. The conductive ACC framework facilitates rapid electron transport, while BMC provides abundant electrochemically active sites for charge storage. In 6 M KOH electrolyte, the ACC/BMC electrode delivered a high areal capacitance of 1156.8 mF cm − 2 at 4 mA cm − 2 . Electrochemical kinetic analysis revealed a b ‐value of 0.99 and a capacitive contribution above 95%, indicating predominantly surface‐controlled charge‐storage behavior. The electrode also exhibited low charge‐transfer resistance, while XPS analysis confirmed the presence of defect sites and heteroatom‐containing functional groups that enhanced electrochemical activity. Electrolyte‐dependent investigations demonstrated superior capacitive performance in an alkaline electrolyte compared with a neutral electrolyte. Furthermore, asymmetric supercapacitors assembled using ACC/BMC as the negative electrode and either P‐doped NiMoO 4 /MoO 2 or TiN@MnO 2 as the positive electrode achieved volumetric energy densities of 4.64 and 5.61 mWh cm − 3 , respectively. These findings demonstrate the potential of ACC/BMC as a high‐performance binder‐free electrode for advanced supercapacitor applications.