Metasurface Reflector Loaded Directional Reconfigurable UWB Antenna for V2X and Automotive Radar

ABSTRACT This article is focused on miniaturized, reconfigurable UWB monopole antenna loaded with metasurface for directional and multiband. This work is carried out in two stages. In the first stage, the radiating patch is modified to achieve both narrowband and wideband frequency ranges. In the second stage, a metasurface reflector is incorporated to achieve directional radiation and enhanced gain in all configurations. The miniaturized antenna is 20 mm 20 mm 1.6 mm in size. This proposed antenna achieved the nine frequency bands of range 1.4–1.9, 2.5–3.2, 2.5–4.5, 2.4–5.4, 2.6–10.36, 4.2–10.0, 5.4–6.1, 5.8–10.06, and 7.3–9.5 GHz. For the realization of reconfigurable nine bands, two PIN diodes were introduced in the radiator structures. After integrating the metasurface reflector, the antenna operates over a wide bandwidth from 1.4 to 13 GHz. The unit cell of metasurface reflector is array, which is in the square shape with slot in the middle; this metasurface reflector is situated in 5 mm above the patch antenna. The placement of the metasurface above the antenna improves the gain significantly, by approximately 3–4 dB in all states, and makes the radiation pattern directional. The efficiency of the antenna is 98.8% overall and in minimum efficiency around 84%. This compact antenna is simulated on HFSS software with evidence that all the antenna parameters , radiation pattern, SCD, gain, and radiation efficiency are up to the mark. This antenna is well suited for V2X and automotive radar platforms, because of directional property and high gain and multiband feature support various application like wireless communication systems, satellite links, and intelligent transport systems.