Database and Geometrical Characterization of 3D Stone Masonry Wall Microstructures

This paper presents the first database of 3D microstructures of stone masonry walls, where masonry microstructure is defined as the shape, size, and layout of the stone units within the wall. The database includes 36 walls representing various masonry typologies as defined by the Italian code, with different leaf configurations (one‐, two‐, and three‐leaf walls). It comprises 12 real walls built in structural engineering laboratories and 24 virtual walls generated using two stone masonry typology generators from the literature. The geometry of the microstructure is characterized by the geometric masonry quality index (GMQI), which refers to the well‐known masonry quality index (MQI), but considers only its geometric parameters. Quantitative criteria are proposed to evaluate the stone shape and the horizontality of the bed joints from 3D microstructures, which were previously evaluated qualitatively. Analysis of the database reveals correlations between unit geometry, construction characteristics, and GMQI classification in current technical codes. The microstructure data, including stones and walls (3D model meshes) along with computed geometric parameters, are publicly available ( https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15044436 ).