Comparison of Diabetic Nephropathy Markers in Diabetic Patients With Insomnia Before and After Potassium and Magnesium Supplementation: A Randomized Controlled Trial

ABSTRACT Background & Aim Diabetic nephropathy is a common complication in patients with type 2 diabetes, and insomnia may exacerbate renal dysfunction. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of magnesium and potassium supplementation on diabetic nephropathy markers in diabetic patients with insomnia. Methods A single‐blinded randomized controlled trial was conducted on 320 diabetic patients. However, only 290 diabetic patients continued the trial after 60 days follow up. Insomnia was defined by using Insomnia Severity Index (ISI). Supplements dosages were prepared in the form of tablets, characterized as T1; placebo, T2; magnesium (Mg), T3; potassium (K), and T4; as magnesium along with potassium. Serum urea level, serum ALT, serum AST, serum creatinine and HbA1c were quantified in blood (serum) employing a quantitative and highly sensitive enzyme‐labelled immunosorbent assay (ELISA), pre‐and post‐trial. Results The total of 290 participants; 93 male and 197 female, were having mean HbA1c and BMI as 7.77 ± 2.10 and 31.00 ± 23.68 respectively. A significant association was revealed by analysis among pre‐ and post‐trial serum urea level, serum creatinine, serum ALT level and magnesium supplementation, p = 0.000, p = 0.000, p = 0.003. Moreover, there was significant association between pre and post‐trial serum ALT, AST level, RA factor level and magnesium in combination of potassium supplementation, p = 0.000, p = 0.004. 0.000. Conclusions Study concluded that magnesium, and in combination with potassium supplementation had significant reducing effects on diabetic nephropathy markers and suppression in the RA factor level.