Quantum Latin Squares With all Possible Cardinalities
Abstract
ABSTRACT A quantum Latin square of order (denoted as QLS) is an array whose entries are unit column vectors from the ‐dimensional Hilbert space , such that each row and column forms an orthonormal basis. Two unit vectors are regarded as identical if there exists a real number such that ; otherwise, they are considered distinct. The cardinality of a QLS is the number of distinct vectors in the array. In this paper, we use sub‐QLSs to prove that for any integer , and any integer , there is a QLS with cardinality .
Fields of Study & Subjects
graph theory and CDMA systems
Graph Labeling and Dimension Problems
Finite Group Theory Research
Publication details
- Journal / source
- Journal of Combinatorial Designs
- Volume
- 34
- Issue
- 8
- Pages
- 378–387
- Publication date
- 2 May 2026
- Language
- EN