Effect of Varying Whey Protein in Anti‐Bacterial Gelatin/ Polyaniline Complexes Doped with Phytic Acid for Biocompatible Electro‐Conductive Films

ABSTRACT Electrically conductive polymers are a groundbreaking class of materials commonly utilized in medical research focused on healthcare devices such as biosensors. They share the mechanical properties of a classical polymer as well as the electronic properties of metals. This allows them to function as flexible, lightweight, and highly efficient components in both wearable and implantable sensor technologies. Although research has shown promising findings, most of the polymer sensors presented are only partially or not at all biologically compatible with the human body. This work demonstrates a new electroconductive polymer matrix composed of bio‐based materials–bovine gelatin, whey protein isolate (WPI), polyaniline (PANI), and phytic acid (PA)– as a soft, compliant material. The results showed a homogeneous and well‐integrated matrix that remains stable up to . The water content in the samples ranged from 29.99% to 63.81%, depending on the method of preparation. The electromechanical properties before and after self‐healing were also investigated, along with antibacterial properties against both Gram‐positive ( S. aureus ) and Gram‐negative ( E. coli ) bacteria. This study developed a new formulation of a conductive polymer matrix that is potentially biocompatible, yet still exhibits satisfactory mechanical properties like its predecessors, making it a candidate for bio‐sensing applications.