Post‐Consumer Mechanical Recycling of Thermally Degraded Glass‐Fiber Reinforced Polyamide 6,6 for Electrical Applications

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Authors: Alessandro Salvi, Irem Cemre Doğaner, Andrés Eguren Pita, Marlena Ostrowska, Giovanni Dotelli
Cited by: 1
References: 41

Abstract

ABSTRACT This study investigates post‐consumer mechanical recycling of a glass‐fiber reinforced polyamide 6,6 for electrical applications (PA66‐GF25, brominated flame‐retardant), using accelerated thermal ageing (180°C, 400 h) to simulate long‐term thermo‐oxidative degradation. Five material states are compared: virgin, aged, recycled‐unaged (post‐industrial analogue), recycled‐aged (post‐consumer analogue), and a 50 wt.% dilution of recycled‐aged with virgin material. Mechanical characterization demonstrates that ageing primarily induces matrix embrittlement, reducing tensile strain at maximum stress from 4.19% to 2.50% while preserving tensile strength (81.5 to 82.7 MPa). Conversely, recycling predominantly compromises reinforcement efficiency through fiber attrition, with mean fiber length decreasing by 42%, resulting in a tensile strength reduction to 51.0 MPa for unaged recyclates. The post‐consumer analogue exhibits cumulative degradation, yielding the lowest flexural strength (83.2 MPa compared to 112.4 MPa for virgin material). However, 50% dilution effectively restores flexural strength (112.1 MPa). Despite mechanical penalties, critical safety properties remain unaffected: all configurations maintain a GWFI of 960°C and a UL94 V‐0 rating, while tracking resistance (CTI 400 V), lost during ageing, is fully recovered upon reprocessing. The results indicate that post‐consumer recycling is feasible, with dilution as an effective route to restore performance while incorporating post‐consumer content.

Fields of Study & Subjects

Fiber-reinforced polymer composites Polymer crystallization and properties Flame retardant materials and properties

Publication details

Journal / source
Macromolecular Materials and Engineering
Publisher
Wiley
Volume
311
Issue
4
Publication date
30 March 2026
Language
EN