Protective Effects of Canarium album Against Cigarette Smoke‐Induced Cytotoxicity in Beas‐2B Cells: Bioactive Components Screening and Mechanism Exploring

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is primarily induced by chronic cigarette smoke (CS) exposure, which triggers irreversible airway inflammation and remodeling. Although Canarium album L. (CA) has been historically utilized to alleviate respiratory symptoms, its efficacy and mechanisms against COPD remain poorly characterized. This study aimed to investigate the anti-COPD potential of CA and further explore its crucial bioactive constituents. In this work, the phytochemicals and 15 phenolic compounds of eight varieties of CA were determined. Network pharmacology was used to search COPD targets and related pathways. The active constituents were screened, and the efficacy and mechanism of CA against COPD were uncovered based on the CS-induced Beas-2B cell model combined with spectrum-effect analyses and molecular docking. The results suggested that CA could reduce the release of inflammatory mediators and the expressions of COX-2 and iNOS via downregulating MAPK signaling pathway to mitigate COPD. Among them, (+)-catechin, epicatechin and (-)-epigallocatechin showed stronger correlations and better interactions with the core targets of COPD, they might be the effective components. This study lays foundation for understanding the potential of CA in COPD treatment and provides guidance for subsequent functional food development.