A Layered Hybrid Multifunctional FSS‐Metasurface Antenna: Tri‐Band and Quad‐Beam Wavefront Control

ABSTRACT In this letter, a layered multifunctional tri‐band reflect‐transmit‐array (RTA) with quad‐beam control is reported. The unit adopts a multi‐layer structure and integrates frequency selective surfaces (FSS) to effectively isolate distinct frequency bands. Through a strategic combination of continuous phase (C.P.) and 1‐Bit phase distributions, it achieves precise control over four independent beams. The performance of the proposed RTA was verified through simulation, fabrication, and measurement, and the measured results show high consistency with the simulation. The measured results indicate that the maximum aperture efficiencies (AEs) of four beams are 35.65% (Beam 1, C.P.), 50.88% (Beam 2, C.P.), 20.45% (Beam 3, 1‐Bit), and 18.17% (Beam 4, 1‐Bit). The measured 1‐dB gain bandwidths (BWs) are 6.38%, 12.67%, 10.44%, and 11.45%, respectively. Moreover, the 3‐dB axial ratio BW of Beam 2 is 20.21%. Compared to the previous multi‐band RTAs, this design not only realizes tri‐band operation, but also increases the number of beams and provides competitive wide‐band performance, making it well‐suited for multi‐band and satellite applications.