pH ‐responsive zeolitic imidazolate framework‐8 nanoparticles for encapsulating prochloraz to enhance efficacy in controlling strawberry anthracnose

Abstract BACKGROUND Prochloraz (Pro) is a broad‐spectrum fungicide that is effective against various plant pathogens, including Colletotrichum fructicola , the causal agent of strawberry anthracnose. However, its limited absorption restricts its effectiveness. In this study, zeolitic imidazolate framework‐8 (ZIF‐8) was utilized as a nanocarrier and combined with the fungicide prochloraz (Pro) to develop an effective delivery system (Pro@ZIF‐8), improving the fungicidal activity of prochloraz. RESULTS Characterization confirmed that Pro@ZIF‐8 possesses a distinct dodecahedral crystal structure with an average particle size of 139.6 nm. The system exhibited pH‐sensitive release, with 89.8% of the prochloraz released within 24 h at pH 5.0, while remaining stable at pH 7.4. Antifungal assays demonstrated that Pro@ZIF‐8 had an EC 50 of 0.0150 mg L −1 against C. fructicola , which was significantly lower than that of free prochloraz (0.0429 mg L −1 ). Pro@ZIF‐8 effectively delayed disease lesion development on strawberry leaves and fruits inoculated with C. fructicola . Under storage conditions, Pro@ZIF‐8 prevented pathogen infection and kept the fruit fresh for an extended period. Additionally, by tracking fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC)‐labeled ZIF‐8 after foliar and root applications, it was confirmed that it was systemically transported within strawberry plants. CONCLUSION These findings highlight the potential of Pro@ZIF‐8 as a smart fungicide delivery system, offering a promising strategy for improving disease management in strawberries. © 2026 Society of Chemical Industry.