Biomass‐Derived Carbons: Synthesis, Engineering, and Application in High‐Performance Electrochemical Energy Storage

ABSTRACT With the ever‐increasing global energy consumption, the development of novel and sustainable energy solutions has become an urgent necessity. Current mainstream energy storage technologies primarily include lithium‐ion batteries (LIBs), lithium‐sulfur batteries (LSBs), supercapacitors, sodium‐ion batteries (SIBs), zinc‐air batteries (ZABs), and aqueous zinc‐ion batteries (AZIBs). As a critical factor governing device performance, electrode material selection requires comprehensive consideration. Biomass‐derived carbons have emerged as promising electrode materials due to their renewability, low cost, environmentally friendly synthesis routes, inherent porous structures, superior specific capacitance, and excellent stability. This review systematically categorizes and discusses biomass precursors, preparation methods, and structural characteristics, while providing a comprehensive overview of recent advances in biomass‐derived carbon materials for various battery applications. We also outline future research directions and address potential challenges.