Anesthetic diversity: a pillar of healthcare system resilience and a strategic imperative in an era of uncertainty

Healthcare systems worldwide are under mounting pressure from increasingly complex challenges. Supply chain instability, ageing populations, increasing multimorbidity, pandemics, geopolitical unrest and a continuously rising surgical and interventional complexity require a high structural and functional resilience. In this landscape anesthesiology as a cornerstone of modern perioperative medicine must maintain flexibility and robustness. Central to this adaptability is the availability of a comprehensive anesthetic armamentarium, including volatile inhalational agents such as sevoflurane, desflurane and isoflurane as well as intravenous and regional anesthesia procedures.