Regulatory function of HSA-miR-186-5p on interleukin-2 expression in lumbar degenerative disc disease: a case-control study and subgroups analysis

Lumbar degenerative disc disease (LDDD) is characterized by persistent inflammation and extracellular matrix degradation. Emerging as main controllers in its pathogenesis are microRNAs (miRNAs) and proinflammatory cytokines. Through the JAK/STAT signalling pathway, HSA-miR-186-5p has been linked to modulating cytokine expression, including interleukin-2 (IL-2). The aim is to find the expression levels of IL-2 and HSA-miR-186-5p in LDDDpatients and investigate their possible correlation with disease degree. 110 LDDD patients and 17 healthy controls wereincluded. ELISA measured serum IL-2 concentrations, and RT-qPCRestimated miR-186-5p levels. The Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) guidedpatients into five subgroups (G1-G5). One-way ANOVA and correlationanalysis were applied in statistical comparisons. LDDD patients had notably higher IL-2 levels than controls (p