First Report of Human Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) in Wild Neotropical Primates

EcoHealth 2026 Open access

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Authors: Jean P. Boubli, Hani Rocha El Bizri, Luan Felipo Botelho-Souza, Chrysoula Gubili, Stephen R. Martin, Maisa da S. Araújo, T. A. Burch, Mariluce Rezende Messias, Alcione de O. dos Santos, Luiz S. Ozaki, André V. C. Pereira, Tony H. Katsuragawa
+5 more Ana Maísa Passos-Silva, Luiz H. S. Gil, Izeni Pires Farias, Juan M. V. Salcedo, Deusilene Vieira
DOI: 10.1007/s10393-026-01787-5
Cited by: 2
References: 34

Abstract

Globalization and environmental change are reshaping infectious disease dynamics, including reverse zoonotic transmission from humans to wildlife. We assessed hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection in wild New World primates from two Brazilian Amazon regions: an anthropogenically impacted area in southwestern Amazonia (Rondonia and Mato Grosso states) and a remote, minimally impacted area along the upper Japurá River (Amazonas state). Blood or liver samples from 88 primates representing 28 species were examined for HBV. HBV was detected in 17 of 49 primates (34.7%) from disturbed areas but in none of the 39 primates from the remote site. Human population density significantly predicted infection, and viral genotypes matched locally circulating human HBV strains, supporting human-to-primate spillover driven by deforestation and encroachment.

Fields of Study & Subjects

Hepatitis B Virus Studies Hepatitis Viruses Studies and Epidemiology HIV Research and Treatment

Publication details

Journal / source
EcoHealth
Publisher
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Volume
23
Issue
3
Pages
392–397
Publication date
3 April 2026
Language
EN