A Review on Optimization and Damage Simulation in Cylinders for Green Hydrogen Storage

Abstract This review article addresses the optimization and damage simulation in Type III and IV composite cylinders for the safe and efficient storage of green hydrogen, a promising energy alternative. The text details the multiple failure modes that can compromise the structural integrity of these high-pressure tanks, such as manufacturing defects, hydrogen embrittlement, permeation, cracks, and delamination. To mitigate these risks, the study highlights the importance of design optimization thru advanced computational simulations, using software such as ANSYS and ABAQUS and failure criteria like Tsai-Wu and Hashin, which allow predicting the burst pressure and identifying critical points in the structure. The integration of experimental tests with these numerical simulations is, therefore, fundamental to developing lighter and more reliable cylinders, ensuring the safety of hydrogen storage systems, especially in risk scenarios such as fires.