The essential function of low impact development facilities in mitigating urban flood disasters: approach for multi-source data fusion simulation

Abstract The urbanization process has exacerbated the severity of flood disasters, while Low Impact Development (LID) can play a pivotal role in mitigating such floods. This research aims to simulate urban flooding and evaluate the mitigating effects of LID facilities. By integrating multi-source data, we adopt the Soil Conservation Service (SCS) model to simulate the distribution of flood under various scenarios. To delve deeper into the mitigating effects of LID facilities, we incorporate their absorption and treatment capabilities into the SCS model, resulting in the development of the SCS-L model. Suitability analysis dictates the category of LID facilities to be constructed, and their effects on flood are quantitatively assessed. Findings emphasize that enhancing the effectiveness of LID facilities significantly contributes to preventing shallow inundation. While it also exhibits positive effects on deep inundation, there are inherent constraints. Expanding the deployment area of LID facilities can effectively diminish the inundation area, but the effects increase nonlinearly. Strategically designed layouts for LID facilities can optimize their mitigating impacts on both inundation area and depth. This research underscores the essential role of LID facilities in mitigating urban flood disasters. The conclusion of this paper provides support for the construction of resilient cities.