Controlling thermal properties in quantum dots through impurity type and magnetic confinement

Abstract This study investigates how the thermodynamic properties of a two-dimensional quantum dot are influenced by a magnetic field and the type of impurity present. Using a Gaussian confinement potential, variations in the mean energy, entropy, and heat capacity were analyzed for attractive and repulsive impurities at different magnetic field strengths. The results show that the magnetic field strengthens the geometric confinement, thereby increasing the separation between energy levels. For attractive impurities, stronger geometric confinement results in a greater separation of energy levels, which suppresses thermal transitions. However, repulsive impurities exhibit weaker geometric confinement, leading to smaller energy-level separations and enhanced thermal transitions. This leads to a pronounced Schottky anomaly at low temperatures. The results obtained from this study are expected to make significant contributions to experimental research in the development of optoelectronic devices based on quantum-confined systems.