Plant-derived bioactive compounds in nanocarrier systems for dermatological applications

The skin, in its function as the primary barrier against external agents, is vulnerable to the development of pathologies. Consequently, a significant part of the population claims to have experienced a dermal condition, even if it is mild. The use of natural products in cosmetics and the treatment of skin diseases is becoming progressively common. However, challenges related to permeation and release can make it difficult to control the appropriate dosage, potentially reducing efficacy or even causing toxicity. This review aims to provide an overview of recent findings on the use of plant-based nanodelivery systems for the treatment of skin disorders. A review of the existing literature revealed more than 50 studies in both the field of cosmetology, including the prevention of ageing and wrinkles, as well as in the therapeutic field, encompassing skin infections, cancer, inflammatory diseases, dandruff, and wound healing. In the majority of cases, a comparison was made between the nanoformulation and the respective conventional formulation, with the former demonstrating superior efficacy. A variety of plant-based nanoformulations, including nanoemulsions, nanosuspensions, nanogels, nanocapsules, nanovesicles, nanocarriers, and nanofibres, have been assessed through a diversity of research methodologies, encompassing in vitro, in vivo, and clinical studies. This review disclosed that nanotechnology offers several platforms with significant advantages in the topical application of natural compounds for the management of skin diseases. Graphical abstract