Microbiome alterations and their potential impact on infection risk in chronic kidney disease and end-stage kidney disease: a narrative review
Abstract
Chronic kidney disease [CKD] is associated with profound alterations of both gut microbiota composition and functions, commonly referred to as gut dysbiosis. These changes are driven by several factors such as dietary restrictions, medications, and uremia, which further contribute to patients with CKD to their pro-inflammatory and immunocompromised state. Recent evidence suggests that dysbiosis may also increase susceptibility to infections, which remain a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in CKD patients. In this review, we aimed at examining the features of the altered gut microbiome in patients with CKD, its potential role in promoting infection risk, and current therapeutic strategies targeting the gut microbiota to mitigate CKD-related complications.
Fields of Study & Subjects
Gut microbiota and health
Dialysis and Renal Disease Management
Chronic Kidney Disease and Diabetes
Publication details
- Journal / source
- International Urology and Nephrology
- Publisher
- Springer Science and Business Media LLC
- Volume
- 58
- Issue
- 9
- Pages
- 3759–3770
- Publication date
- 4 March 2026
- Language
- EN