Promoting Geoheritage for Sustainable Rural Development: A Georoute Model for Karaburun Peninsula, Izmir (Türkiye)

In cases where communities have limited awareness of their geological features, georoutes can act as a catalyst for raising awareness and fostering a deep appreciation of the region’s geological heritage, thus ensuring its conservation. The development of georoutes can also attract visitors, leading to tourism initiatives that can contribute to sustainable development. However, despite the perceived benefits of tourism initiatives, there is a risk that they can disrupt the delicate balance of rural areas and jeopardize their physical, social, and environmental integrity if they are not carefully managed. To preserve the unique characteristics of a region, it is therefore essential to create a tailored balance between conservation and exploitation. Geotourism initiatives focusing on the development of georoutes offer valuable opportunities for integrating geological heritage into local development strategies. In this context, this study aims to develop a comprehensive georoute model for the Karaburun Peninsula, a region in Türkiye renowned for its ecological, stratigraphic, geological and geomorphological significance. The research utilizes Geographic Information System (GIS) technology to identify key waypoints and pathways that connect important geological landmarks, enhancing both the geoconservation process and sustainable tourism. The methodology involves a year-long field survey to document significant geological features, supplemented by archival research and community interviews. The subsequent use of GIS-based spatial analysis and existing road networks facilitates the optimization of route planning and the identification of georoute stops. The Karaburun Georoute, as an exemplar of this approach, integrates geological and geomorphological features with cultural, social, economic, environmental and historical aspects to promote sustainable rural development and ecosystem conservation. As such, it offers a replicable framework for similar geotourism initiatives in other regions that promote sustainable tourism and support local development.