Mandibular Advancement Devices for Obstructive Sleep Apnea Therapy in Dentistry: Advantages and Pitfalls

Abstract Purpose of Review Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a common disorder linked to systemic health issues and reduced quality of life. Although CPAP is the standard treatment, low patient adherence has heightened interest in oral appliances, especially mandibular advancement devices (MADs). This review summarizes evidence on the benefits and adverse effects of MADs for managing OSA, with a focus on dental practice aspects. Recent Findings The available literature indicates that MADs are an effective therapeutic option for selected patients, especially those with mild to moderate OSA. However, MAD therapy may be associated with dental and occlusal changes, temporomandibular joint and muscular effects, and craniofacial alterations over the long term. Additional transient effects, such as dry mouth and hypersalivation, have also been reported. Most adverse effects appear to be mild, progressive, and clinically manageable when appropriate patient selection, gradual mandibular titration, and regular follow-up protocols are implemented. Summary Mandibular advancement devices are a valuable, well-tolerated alternative toCPAP for some patients with OSA. Understanding their benefits and limitations is essentialto optimizing outcomes, supporting informed consent, and improving long-term adherencein dental practice.