Ageism in suicide rates: any difference between Anglo-Saxon and Latin countries?

BACKGROUND & AIMS: The link between ageism, mental health, and suicide has been highlighted in previous research. This article examines the possible impact of ageism on to the enduring cross-switches observed by older adults' population from different Western countries. METHODS: We reviewed existing literature in the field to understand how ageism manifests across cultures. Furthermore, we explored to what extent the concept is recognized in different countries and what initiatives are currently being taken. RESULTS: In Latin-origin countries, many older people live alone, with children who have moved away or emigrated, and have less active social networks. By comparison, Anglo-Saxon countries provide more community services to support older adults, including programs against loneliness. The stigma attached to mental health is counteracted by active public campaigns and more accessible services. Moreover, many people in Latin countries live with low pensions and economic uncertainty, especially if alone or widowed. In Canada, Australia and New Zealand, more robust pension systems and forms of social assistance exist, reducing financial stress. CONCLUSIONS: Based on the available literature, it doesn't seem that ageism may justify the higher number of suicides in old age in countries such as Italy, Spain, and Portugal. At most, it can partly explain the higher rates observed by contributing to creating a climate of invisibility, exclusion and mistrust that can be fertile ground for psychological suffering. Thus, intervening against ageism could not only be seen as an ethical act, but also a concrete form of suicide prevention.